如今，癌症癌症已不再被视为绝症，而是有“慢性病化”的发展趋势，伴随这一趋势，肿瘤耐药问题显得越发重要。

Nowadays, cancer tends to be managed as a chronic illness instead of a life-threatening disease, and this highlights the importance of drug resistance issues observed in tumors.

耐药性的产生可能是由于病人体内本身存在对原有疗法不敏感的肿瘤细胞群体经治疗筛选后得以幸存壮大，造成复发。也有可能是在治疗过程中，伴随基因组改变、表观遗传学调控、代谢及免疫调控等驱动因素作用，促使肿瘤细胞获得对药物疗法的耐受能力，引起疾病进展。

Drug resistance of tumors refers to the phenomenon where tumor cells in the patient's body develop higher tolerability to the original therapy post a period of treatment, leading to a compromised therapeutic benefit and disease progression.

耐药机制多种机制，包括通过调节细胞内外代谢通路如流入（Influx）与外排(Efflux)通路的调节，限制药物成分发挥作用产生耐药。

There are various mechanisms of drug resistance, including efflux pump-mediated mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) and efflux pump-independent drug resistance mechanisms.

耐药性的产生可能是由于病人体内本省存在对原有疗法不敏感的肿瘤细胞群体经治疗筛选后得以幸存壮大，造成复发。也可能是在治疗过程中，伴随基因组改变、表观遗传学调控、代谢及免疫调控等驱动因素作用，促使肿瘤细胞获得对药物疗法的耐受能力，引起疾病进展。

The development of resistance may be due to the presence of pre-existing tumor cell populations which are not responsive to the original treatment.These populations can survive from the treatment and proliferate,leading to recurrence.It is also possible that, during the treatment process, tumor cells acquire the resistance out of genomic alternation,epigenetic changes, metabolism and immune regulations,etc.

耐药的发生具有普遍性和个性化特点，耐药模型是用于研究耐药机制和开发新型治疗药物与疗法的重要临床前研究工具。

The occurrence of drug resistance is both universal and individualized. Resistant models are important preclinical research tools for drug resistance mechanism study and development of novel therapeutic drugs or strategies.

在美迪西，我们采用药物冲击诱导的方式来开发耐药模型。

In Medicilon, we can exploit drug exposure induction approach for drug resistant model development purpose.

美迪西肿瘤耐药模型

美迪西肿瘤动物模型